Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), using the Ultra High Frequency (UHF) range together with passive RFID tags, has gained more and more importance in the field of logistics as a method for automatic identification (Auto-ID). This is due to the advantages compared to other Auto-ID technologies.
Currently RFID is often associated with the so called fourth industrial revolution, also referred to as Industry 4.0 and the Internet of Things. In this context it is often seen as a technology for enabling cyber physical systems (CPS) to identify themselves as well as to exchange data or even give a basic level of intelligence to objects like load carriers or even the product itself.
The concept for an UHF RFID reader described in this section should also meet these requirements. Concretely, the new reader should be versatile, satisfy the increased demand of information through localization abilities and have an increase in computational intelligence together with a stronger interconnection with superior software systems. In addition, the intelligent reader has to deal with the environmental conditions of a practical operation in logistic and production sites.
To achieve a flexible and changeable reader system the localization concept should not be bound to the needs of a certain infrastructure. Actually it should allow a compact design of the system to enable a certain mobility for a simplified change of operation site in order to realize changeability. Furthermore, it should deliver stable localization results even under difficult environmental circumstances as they are found in logistics.
The basic component of the concept is the reader's ability to localize tags. Therefore, initially a short review of existing localization approaches with UHF RFID is given, followed by the description of the localization method for the intelligent reader system, which estimates the direction of arrival of the tag's signal.
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